The inhibition of 18β-sodium glycyrrhetinic acid on thymic stromal lymphopoietin expression in the nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis rats / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective@#To explore the effect of 18β-sodium glycyrrhetinic acid on thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis (AR) rats.@*Methods@#One hundred Wistar rats,half male and half female,were randomly divided into 5 groups by random number table method: control group, AR model group,budesonide group,18β-sodium glycyrrhetinic acid at dose of 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg groups, with 20 rats in each group. AR animal models were established by ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization in the other four experimental groups. After successful modeling, budesonide and 18β-sodium glycyrrhetinic acid were given in each group,and the detection time points were 2 weeks and 4 weeks. The distribution of TSLP in rat nasal mucosa was detected by immunohistochemistry,and the expression of TSLP in rat nasal mucosa was determined by Western blot at the protein level. The expression of TSLP-mRNA in rat nasal mucosa was detected and compared by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) at mRNA level. The concentrations of IL-4 and OVA-sIgE in rat serum were measured and compared by ELISA. One-way analysis of variance and the least significant difference method were used for the comparison among groups, LSD t test was used for the comparison between the two groups,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).@*Results@#Immunohistochemistry confirmed existence of TSLP in rat nasal mucosa, especially in epithelial cells,endothelial cells and epithelial cilia. Western blot and RT-PCR suggested that the expression of TSLP and TSLP-mRNA in nasal mucosa of AR model group was significantly higher than that of control group (2 weeks TSLP: 1.795 9±0.131 4 vs 0.990 5±0.164 2, 4 weeks TSLP: 1.809 7±0.253 4 vs 0.870 3±0.124 4; 2 weeks TSLP-mRNA:4.582 9±0.697 7 vs 1.108 7±0.081 1, 4 weeks TSLP-mRNA:4.814 4±0.662 8 vs 1.001 0±0.155 3; all P<0.05). After 2 weeks and 4 weeks of drug intervention,the expression of TSLP and TSLP-mRNA was inhibited in nasal mucosa of budesonide group,18β-sodium sodium glycyrrhetinic acid at dose of 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg group,which was significantly different from that of AR model group (2 weeks TSLP: (0.897 8±0.081 8)/(1.072 1±0.113 6)/(1.396 6±0.133 9) vs 1.795 9±0.131 4; 4 weeks TSLP: (1.191 0±0.161 3)/(1.141 0±0.152 3)/(1.200 5±0.189 6) vs 1.809 7±0.253 4; 2 weeks TSLP-mRNA: (1.175 6±0.100 9)/(1.254 4±0.078 2)/(2.037 2±0.559 2) vs 4.582 9±0.697 7; 4 weeks TSLP-mRNA: (1.158 3±0.104 3)/(1.224 0±0.034 0)/(1.275 2±0.099 6) vs 4.814 4±0.662 8; all P<0.05), and not significantly different from control group. With the inhibition of TSLP, the concentrations of IL-4 and OVA-sIgE in rat serum were also decreased.@*Conclusion@#18β-sodium glycyrrhetinic acid has obvious inhibitory effect on TSLP in nasal mucosa of AR rats, which can control Th2 type immune inflammatory reaction.

The effect of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid on tight junctions of the nasal mucosa epithelial cells in rat models with allergic rhinitis / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To observe 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) impact on ultrastructure of tight junctions (TJs) of nasal mucosa epithelial cells in rats models of allergic rhinitis (AR).@*METHOD@#Ninety-six Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, loratadine group, and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid group, and each group had 24 rats. Ovalbumin was used to establish a rat AR model. The behavioral changes and the tight junctions of nasal epithelial were observed and compared in different groups after 2,4,6 and 10 weeks intervention.@*RESULT@#The length of TJs in allergic rhinitis model became shorter, electron-high-density plasma membrane became thicker, number of the integration loci reduced and gap of TJs widened or even ruptured. With the consistent effect of allergens,the changes of TJs in the model group aggravated gradually,and the changes of ultrastructure of TJs in 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid group was relieved apparently compared to model group and even were close to the control model with time.@*CONCLUSION@#18β-glycyrrhetinic acid can recover the ultrastructure of the tight junctions of AR rat nasal epithelial cells.

Clinical observation of preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain after endoscopic sinus surgery / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the correlation of preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain after endoscopic sinus surgery in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with or without nasal polyps (CRSwNP or CRSsNP).@*METHOD@#Subjects were 167 adults scheduled for functional endoscopic sinus surgery(FESS),in our hospital. preoperative issuing State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI), carried anxiety scores. 8 h, 32 h, 56 h after surgery, recorded the pain score of Wong-Banker facial scale method (FPS-R). Analysed the correlation between preoperative anxiety score and the degree of postoperative pain.@*RESULT@#Patients'preoperative S-AI mean score was 42. 45 ± 9. 98, T-AI mean score was 41. 81±8. 47. The mean pain score in patients 8 h after surgery was 6. 33±1. 74,32 h was 4.21±1.51, 56 h was 2.35±1.42. In the 8 h group postoperative pain were 0 cases with no pain, 10 cases of mild pain, moderate pain in 107 cases, 47 cases of severe pain, sharp pain in three cases. After 32 hours 9 cases with no pain, 97 cases of mild pain, moderate pain in 32 cases, 29 cases of severe pain, no sharp pain patients. 56 hours after surgery, there were 108 cases with no pain, mild pain in 44 cases, 15 cases of moderate pain. Preoperative S-AI and T-AI score and 8 h, 32 h, 56 h after surgery pain score had no significant correlation.@*CONCLUSION@#The pain of patients within 8 h after FESS is most evident,with the passage of time, the degree of pain gradually reduced. Preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain have no significant correlation.